[11] From the Holocene to the present, American black bears seem to have shrunk in size,[3] but this has been disputed because of problems with dating these fossil specimens. A bear in pursuit of a pet dog can threaten both canid and human lives. Violent interactions, resulting in the deaths of American black bears, have been recorded in Yellowstone National Park. They put on weight quickly. Distinguished by its fur being silvery-gray with a blue luster found mostly on its flanks. This April 13, 2018, file photo shows Mink the bear after she had been tranquilized in Hanover, N.H. After being fitted with a tracking collar, the bear was relocated to far northern New Hampshire. This is particularly true in soils that have a fair amount of sand such as grounds near lakes and rivers where they hunt for fish. The young black bear cub retrieved from a tree in Lander on October 17th had to be euthanized, according to an update from Wyoming Game and Fish Lander Region Information and Education Specialist Rene Schell. West Lebanon's Valley News reported that the New Hampshire Fish & Game Department has set up two game cameras and some doughnuts to aid in their capture. The better developed cubs cab immediately climb trees but cannot outrun wolves or other bears. She also gained fame following reports of her thousands-of-miles journey to return to her home territory after being relocated to the Canadian border. However, the white-furred Kermode bears of the islands of western Canada have a 30% greater success rate in catching salmon than their black-furred counterparts. Historic information suggests black bear habitat included most of North America including Alaska, Canada, almost all of the lower 48 United States, and Mexico. Female offspring use even larger portions of their mother’s territory until they reach maturity. [5][page needed]. Larger claims in populated areas such as California have been made but never substantiated. [135][page needed] The most favoured cuts of the American black bear's meat are concentrated in the legs and loins. Predation on adult deer is rare, but it has been recorded. Keeping the fat on tends to give the meat a strong flavour. American black bears are omnivores, with their diets varying greatly depending on season and location. [24], There have been several sightings quite far away from where the American black bear is normally found, such as Union County, North Carolina[35][36] and western Nebraska. [41], The average lifespan in the wild is 18 years, though it is quite possible for wild specimens to survive for more than 23 years. [38] However, in the Liard River Hot Springs case, the bear was apparently almost fully dependent on a local garbage dump that had closed and so was starving to death. New Jersey, in November 2010, approved a six-day bear-hunting season in early December 2010 to slow the growth of the American black bear population. 1 year 22 lbs. [48] Black bears in north-central Minnesota averaged 69.9 kg (154 lb) in 163 females and 124.95 kg (275 lb) in 77 males. [43], There is at least one record of an American black bear killing a wolverine (Gulo gulo) in a dispute over food in Yellowstone National Park. New Hampshire state officials have been searching for the cubs since Tuesday when their mother, Mink, was found dead near the Mascoma River. The postmaster... Bear cub pulled from tree in Lander Saturday, Lander City Council to hold special meeting Tuesday, #Activate10: ‘Pink Gate’ at Bill Bush Stadium in Lander tonight, Friends of the Riverton Library Book Sales. [5][page needed] Females tend to have slenderer and more pointed faces than males. [38] In Minnesota, 99% of wintering adult bears were able to survive the hibernation cycle in one study. [5][page needed][38], American black bears were once not considered true or "deep" hibernators, but because of discoveries about the metabolic changes that allow American black bears to remain dormant for months without eating, drinking, urinating or defecating, most biologists have redefined mammalian hibernation as "specialized, seasonal reduction in metabolism concurrent with scarce food and cold weather". The largest black bear ever recorded in North America weighed 880 pounds and lived in North Carolina. [113], American black bears feature prominently in the stories of some of America's indigenous peoples. Bear – Symbolism. [47] In Yellowstone National Park, a population study found that adult males averaged 119 kg (262 lb) and adult females averaged 67 kg (148 lb). [116] The Navajo believed that the Big Black Bear was chief among the bears of the four directions surrounding Sun's house and would pray to it in order to be granted its protection during raids. or redistributed. Despite this, American black bears in those areas seem to have expanded their range during the last decade, such as with recent sightings in Ohio[25] and southern Indiana,[27] though these probably do not yet represent stable breeding populations. While bear cubs normally stay with their mother until they are about 18 months old, Mink’s cubs would have the inherent knowledge to den up now. They make use of their body fat and do not eat or pass any wastes. Both sexes are promiscuous. [citation needed], Game animals and shooting in North America, Lisette Waits, David Paetkau, and Curtis Strobeck, "Overview" from, McLellan, B. N. (2011). [133] Men, older voters and those living in rural areas were more likely to approve of a bear hunting season in New Jersey than women, younger voters and those living in more developed parts of the state. The adaptation to woodlands and thick vegetation in this species may have originally been due to the American black bear having evolved alongside larger, more aggressive bear species, such as the extinct giant short-faced bear and the still-living grizzly bear, that monopolized more open habitats[38] and the historic presence of larger predators, such as Smilodon and the American lion, that could have preyed on American black bears. As a result, the cats spend more time killing and less time feeding on each kill. 4-years 35.2 lbs. The bear is an important totem animal in the tradition of the American Indians. This orphaned female bear cub, captured in Ketchikan, Alaska, in September and pictured at the Alaska Zoo in Anchorage, is slated for transfer to Ochsner Park Zoo in Baraboo. On June 10, rehabilitators Kelsey and Shannon weighed many of the Black Bear cubs in the Center's Large Mammal Isolation (LMI) enclosure. Spanking cubs toward trees in time of danger is uncommon. [88] After emerging from their winter dens in spring, they wander their home ranges for two weeks so that their metabolism accustoms itself to the activity. [5][page needed] American black bears can do extensive damage in areas of the northwestern United States by stripping the bark from trees and feeding on the cambium. [52][page needed] Adults typically range from 120 to 200 cm (47 to 79 in) in head-and-body length, and 70 to 105 cm (28 to 41 in) in shoulder height. [25] However, it becomes increasingly fragmented or absent in other regions. In the coastal areas of the Southeast (such as Florida, the Carolinas and Louisiana), bears inhabit a mixture of flatwoods, bays and swampy hardwood sites. [56][page needed] Another notably outsized wild American black bear, weighing in at 408 kg (899 lb) in total, was the cattle-killer shot in December 1921 on the Moqui Reservation in Arizona. International Union for Conservation of Nature, The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication, List of fatal bear attacks in North America, "Crash involving bear reported on I-485 in south Charlotte", "Mitochondrial genomes reveal an explosive radiation of extinct and extant bears near the Miocene-Pliocene boundary", "Aspects of Evolution and Adaptation in American Black Bears (, "Dispersals of Neogene Carnivorans between Asia and North America", 10.1206/0003-0090(2003)279<0018:C>2.0.CO;2, "Chapter 8. [58] The North American Bear Center, located in Ely, Minnesota, is home to the world's largest captive male and female American black bears. All rights reserved. American Black Bear Conservation Action Plan", "Black Bear hit by car in Southern Indiana", "Early black bear sightings in southern Wisconsin", "Biologists excited after black bear caught on camera in northeast Iowa", "Video Shows Bear in Iowa, DNR Says it Could be State's First 'Resident' Bear Since the 1880s", "Another black bear sighting in Union Co.", "Recent occurrence of an American black bear in Nebraska", 10.1644/1545-1410(2001)647<0001:UA>2.0.CO;2, "Learning and Color Discrimination in the American Black Bear", "Black bear monitoring in eastern interior Alaska", "Population, Genetic and Behavioral Studies of Black Bears, "Characteristics of Black Bears and Grizzly Bears in YNP", "American black bear videos, photos and facts –, "829-pound bear takes record in N.J. hunt", "Record-busting, 879-pound bear bagged in Poconos", "World's oldest-known wild black bear dies at 39", "The Return of the Great American Jaguar", "Man Says Bear Saved Him from Mountain Lion Attack in Butte County", "Yellowstone National Park – Denning and Hibernation Behavior", "The bear circadian clock doesn't 'sleep' during winter dormancy", "Hibernating Bears Conserve Muscle Strength and Maintain Fatigue Resistance", "Six months of disuse during hibernation does not increase intracortical porosity or decrease cortical bone geometry, strength, or mineralization in black bear (, "Daily Updates foot pads and fecal plugs", "Hibernation of the Black and Brown Bear", "Why do Bears Like Honey [The #1 Reason They Do]", "Spirit bears become 'invisible' by Jody Bourton, Earth News reporter", "Factor affecting calf elk survival in north central Idaho", "Evidence of grizzly bear predation on a black bear in Hayden Valley", "Probable Grizzly Bear Predation on an American Black Bear in Yellowstone National Park", "Assessment and Update Status Report on the Grizzly Bear (Ursus arctos)", "Nowhere to hide: Pumas, black bears, and competition refuges", "In Yellowstone, It's a Carnivore Competition", "Key West Florida Attractions | Alligator Exhibit", https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/return-great-american-jaguar-180960443/?no-ist, "Zoogoer Nov/Dec 2002 Sidebar: Smokey Comes to Washington by Alex Hawes", "Black Bears—Simple Fools or Cunning Killers", "Black Bear Kills Texas Woman, Canadian Man", "Frequently Asked Questions Regarding Bears", "Black Bears Found Guarding POT Farm In Canada", "Black bear hunt gets final approval from Department of Environmental Protection head", "Bear Necessity? Overall, over 481,500 American black bear hunting licenses are sold per year. They build their dens in caves, burrows, tree trunks, and brush or grass nests. A black bear baby weighs between one half to one pound at birth. If given the opportunity they will attack (or threaten) other predators to scavenge their prey.

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