The name Ptolemaios varied over the years from its roots in ancient Greece, appearing in different languages in various forms and spellings: The name Ptolemy spread from its Greek origins to enter other languages in Western Asia during the Hellenisation that followed the conquest of the known world by Alexander the Great. He also describes the mode adopted by him of projecting the surface of a hemisphere on a flat surface, and shows its superiority over the projections of Eratosthenes, Hipparchus, and Marinus. Why don't libraries smell like bookstores? Submit a correction or make a comment about this profile, Submit a correction or make a comment about this profile. Although a new war with the Seleucids (from 274 to 270) did not affect the basic position of the rival kingdoms, the so-called Chremonidean War (268?–261), stirred up by Ptolemy against Antigonus II Gonatas, king of Macedonia, resulted in the weakening of Ptolemaic influence in the Aegean and brought about near disaster to Ptolemy’s allies Athens and Sparta. Claudius Ptolemy Astronomer Specialty Mathematicians, astronomy, geology, astrologer Born c. AD 90 Egypt, Roman Empire Died c. AD 168 (aged 77–78) Alexandria, Egypt, Roman Empire Nationality Greco-Roman Claudius Ptolemy could very well be considered one of the greatest astronomers of the Roman Empire. Lunar Crater Ptolemaeus (9.3S, 1.9W, 164km dia), Do you know something we don't? Common variants include Ptolemaeus (Latin), Tolomeo (Italian) and Talmai (Hebrew). Ano ang Imahinasyong guhit na naghahati sa daigdig sa magkaibang araw? The kings of this dynasty, the first of which was Ptolemy I Soter (303–282 BC), were all named Ptolemy, as were several other members of the dynasty. He further improved his position by arranging for the marriage of his son (and later successor) Ptolemy III Euergetes to the daughter of King Magas of Cyrene, who had proved so far a very troublesome neighbour. The magnitude of this political masterstroke can be gauged by the fact that Antiochus, before marrying the Ptolemaic princess, had to dismiss his former wife, Laodice. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Ptolemy II displayed a vivid interest in Greek as well as in Egyptian religion, paid visits to the sanctuaries in the countryside, and spent large sums erecting temples. Omissions? Not aiming at outright hegemony (even less imperialistic conquest) in the Hellenistic world of the eastern Mediterranean, Ptolemy II tried nonetheless to secure for Egypt as good a position as possible, holding at large his rivals beyond a wide buffer zone of foreign possessions. ); and for the Geography, the Latin versions of 1482 and 1490, published at Rome, the editio princeps of the Greek text by Erasmus (Lugd. The Aramaic name Bar Talmai (Greek Bartolomaios and English Bartholomew) may be related.[5]. Professor of Ancient History, University of Trier, Germany. Ptolemy is a name derived from Ancient Greek. Thus freed for the moment from Seleucid opposition and sustained by the considerable financial means provided by the Egyptian economy, Ptolemy II devoted himself again to Greece and aroused new adversaries to Antigonid Macedonia. Reigning at first with his father, Ptolemy I Soter, he became sole ruler in 283–282 and purged his family of possible rivals. He thus became one of the most ardent promoters of the Hellenistic ruler cult, which in turn was to have a far-reaching influence on the cult of the Roman emperors. A prudent and enlightened ruler, he found his strength in diplomatic ability and his satisfaction in a vast curiosity of mind. The age of Ptolemy II coincided with the apex of Hellenistic civilization; its vigour and glamour were a result of the still fresh forces of Greek leadership in the eastern Mediterranean. Throughout the whole Mediterranean world the King acquired a reputation for being a generous patron of poets and scholars. From this last-mentioned fact, the system of astronomy which he sets forth in the Almagest received his name; and, as the Ptolemaic System, obtained the homage of succeeding generations until the time of Nicolaus Copernicus. Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator, (Greek: “Ptolemy the Father-Loving God”) (born 62/61—died 47 bc, near Alexandria), Macedonian king of Egypt and coruler with his famous sister, Cleopatra VII. Pagkakaiba ng pagsulat ng ulat at sulating pananaliksik? Claudius Ptolemy was born in about the year 100 AD, almost certainly in Egypt. Quick Info Born about AD 85 Egypt Died about AD 165 Alexandria, Egypt Summary Ptolemy was the most influential of Greek astronomers and geographers of his time. Others of Ptolemy's works have been lost, and it is still a moot point whether or not they contained a treatise on optics, as a Latin version of what is said to have been an Arabic translation of Ptolemy's original treatise on that subject is still in existence. Gender: Male Race . He also constructed a series of twenty-six maps, together with a general map of the world, in illustration of his work. Without being completely successful, he managed to let his allies bear the brunt of the heaviest reverses, healing his own military wounds with diplomatic remedies. The rest of the work contains details regarding his mode of nothing the positions of places -- by latitude (mekos) and longitude (platos) -- with the calculation of the size of the sphere of the arth, and the extent of surface then known. Claudius Ptolemy with an armillary sphere he used to predict solstice dates and other celestial sights. Ptolemy, Latin in full Claudius Ptolemaeus, (born c. 100 ce —died c. 170 ce), an Egyptian astronomer, mathematician, and geographer of Greek descent who flourished in Alexandria during the 2nd century ce. Ptolemy II Philadelphus, (Philadelphus in Greek: “Brother-Loving”) (born 308 bce, Cos—died 246), king of Egypt (285–246 bce), second king of the Ptolemaic dynasty, who extended his power by skillful diplomacy, developed agriculture and commerce, and made Alexandria a … From pharaonic times onward, agriculture and the work of artisans in Egypt had been highly organized. Egyptian geographer and astronomer. Ptolemy was no more successful in the Second Syrian War (c. 260–253), fought against the coalition of the Seleucid king Antiochus II and Antigonus Gonatas. Copyright © 2020 Multiply Media, LLC. 2nd century BC), governor of Coele-Syria and Phoenicia. Angola is the southernmost country in Africa. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. To Ptolemy belongs the invention of a planetary theory, the discovery of the moon's evection, and the singular distinction of being the sole existing authority on the subject of ancient astronomy. Bat. He propounded the geocentric theory of the solar system that prevailed for 1400 years. Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator (The Father-loving God, born 62/61 BCE, died 47 BCE) was pharaoh of Egypt from 51 BCE until his death.His reign began as co-ruler with his sister, the famous Cleopatra VII, following the wishes of their father, Ptolemy XII Auletes.Ptolemy battled with Julius Caesar for control of Egypt but was defeated at the Battle of the Nile in 47 BCE. Quick Info Born about AD 85 Egypt Died about AD 165 Alexandria, Egypt Summary Ptolemy was the most influential of Greek astronomers and geographers of his time. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Author of. All Rights Reserved. The influence on Ptolemy of his wife and sister Arsinoe II, particularly in foreign affairs, was certainly substantial, though not as extensive as claimed by some contemporary authors. The Ptolemaic dynasty, of Macedonian origin, ruled Hellenistic Egypt for nearly 300 years, from 305 BC to 30 BC. Does Jerry Seinfeld have Parkinson's disease? Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. He propounded the geocentric theory of the solar system that prevailed for 1400 years. He lived in Alexandria in the Roman province of Egypt during the 2nd century and authored several scientific treatises, three of which were of considerable significance to the development of Byzantine, Islamic and European science in later centuries. Ptolemy II’s record in domestic affairs is no less impressive. As a geographer Ptolemy occupies a similar position to what he holds in astronomy; he appears before his readers as the corrector and improver of the works of a predecessor, Marinus of Tyre, about whom, except from Ptolemy's writings, little is known. [1][2] A nephew of Antigonus I Monophthalmus was called Polemaeus,[3] the normal form of the adjective.

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